One was debt. gcse history 16 mark answer - The Student Room The Student Room and The Uni Guide are both part of The Student Room Group. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! - large religious threat as shows the chance of invasion increased due to the fact Spain and France could unite together against England. Which three countries were a threat to England and Elizabeth? These ensured the plots were uncovered before they could be fully developed. The most important reason however was a combination of Marys arrival and the Popes interference. 1534 Duke of Angoulme (third son of Francis I)c1542 A Prince of Portugal1543 Son of the Earl of Arran 1544 Prince Philip (Philip II) 1547 Sir Thomas Seymour 1552 Prince of Denmark 1553 Courtenay, Earl of Devonshire 1554 Philibert Emanuel, Duke of Savoy 1554 Prince of Denmark 1556 Prince Eric of Sweden 1556 Don Carlos (son of Philip II)1559 Philip II 1559 Prince Eric of Sweden 1559 Son of John Frederic, Duke of Saxony 1559 Sir William Pickering 1559 Earl of Arran 1559 Henry Fitzalan, Earl of Arundel 1559 Robert Dudley 1560 King Eric of Sweden 1560 Adolphus, Duke of Holstein 1560 King Charles IX 1560 Henry, Duke of Anjou 1566 Robert Dudley 1568 Archduke Charles 1570 Henry Duke of Anjou 1572- 1584 Francis, Duke of Alencon, later Anjou. While a baby is born at various points throughout the show, Francis is not its father. The new and updated summary of the British and American history GCSE: Early Elizabethan England (1558-88) - Tutor2u 214 High Street, One last thing to consider was the fact that Elizabeth was unmarried and childless. LS23 6AD As the closest person to God in the eyes of the Catholics, obeying the Pope was of paramount importance and this meant Elizabeth had to be suspicious of other Catholic threats at home. [Clear link back to the question at the end of the paragraph here.]. Elizabeth was born on 7th September 1533 to Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII. Religion was the most serious problem facing Elizabeth in 1558? How far This meant atholics did not think . If this union between Scotland and France became something, Spain could help England by attacking France from below. If Elizabeth made England a Protestant country, he could become a dangerous enemy. The defeat of the Northern Earls showed there was little appetite for a Catholic revolution. The New World, privateering and the significance of the activities of Sir Francis Drake. He saw Drake as a pirate and therefore deemed Elizabeths act as deliberately provocative. This focused on dividing the poor into the able-bodied and the impotent. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. They were not able to do this because the English used their greater manoeuvrability to stay out of range while firing broadsides (massive barrages of cannonballs) that could sink the Spanish ships. Oct 12, 2019 83 Dislike Podpast 106 subscribers Recap and review of the problems Elizabeth faced when she became Queen in 1558. he could also overthrow her. 1589 | History of Parliament Online Another reason Dudley failed was a number of his officers were divided over questions of strategy. "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 3rd point + evidence, - However Elizabeth was also faced with threats about her legitimacy and gender, "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 3rd explanation. migration? If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. and reversing the religious settlement. Phillip II of Spain proposed marriage to Elizabeth. France was to be a constant thorn in the side of Elizabeth I throughout her reign. The plan was discovered and the Earls feared being executed for treason, so in a desperate attempt to escape punishment, they rebelled against Elizabeth and tried to overthrow her. These privateers also raided Spanish ships and attacked the treasure fleets that carried gold and silver from the Americas to Spain. The threat posed by the pretenders Perkin Warbeck and Lambert Simnel. Naval support by the English proved to be more effective for the Dutch rebels and a fleet of English ships patrolled the Dutch coastline to prevent the Spanish from landing some of their forces by sea. The Act of Supremacy The queen's reassertion of control over religious matters was achieved via the April 1559 CE Act of Supremacy, once more closing the door on the Pope. Elizabeth I: facts for kids - National Geographic Kids - Overall, I think the threat of invasion was one of Elizabeth's problems when she became queen as both Spain and France were powerful countries who had reasons to invade England and this was increased as Spain and France could unite against Protestant England. The Spanish sailed as far north as Scotland to make sure they did not regroup and return to collect Parmas army. As King Phillip II ruled the Netherlands, he had control over the access to these vital Dutch ports and he could, therefore, limit English access. The fact that the Pope never approved Henry VIIIs divorce from Catherine of Aragon in 1533 (and England had to break from Rome in order to achieve this) combined with the fact that Catherine was still alive when Elizabeth was born. Mary, Queen of Scots, flees from Scotland to England. They had enjoyed religious freedom under Queen Mary, Elizabeth's sister, and they were now being. Tel: +44 0844 800 0085. - send 2000 to rebels. Official Thread: (Undergraduate) Medicine 2023 Entry, St George's University of London (SGUL) A101 2023 Entry. Born: 7 September 1533. Elizabeth was inheriting a terrible situation, which she had to sort out. PDF GCSE History Elizabethan Age, 1558-1603 Revision guide She was then third in line behind her Roman Catholic half-sister, Princess Mary. Elizabeth had also reduced the power of the northern nobles and increased her own control over the north through the Council of the North, which helped govern the area. PDF History Paper 2 - Elizabeth Topic 1: Early threats and the Religious Elizabeth's parents, Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn. This significantly committed Elizabeth to support the Dutch rebels directly against the Spanish. Write a paragraph or two. W ith the first female vice president taking office in the US, and female leaders around the world excelling despite a global crisis, it's hard to imagine why women have been wildly underrepresented in leadership for so long. Elizabeth 1 - Foreign Policy - Revision Cards in A Level and IB History Drake also managed to capture a Spanish ship called the. In 1568 Elizabeth also controversially stole gold from Spanish ships (which was loaned from Genoese banks to fund the Spanish army, against the Dutch rebels) that were staying at English ports. How significant was the threat to Elizabeth I, posed by her Roman Catholic subjects in the years 1558-1588? The plot was uncovered whilst Ridolfi was abroad (he never returned). "the threat of invasions was Elizabeth's main problem when she became queen in 1558" - 1st point + explanation. Babington and other known plotters were hanged, drawn and quartered. They believed privy council members such as William Cecil had become too powerful and instead wanted to remove those they deemed evil and replace them with councillors more sympathetic to their causes. Elizabeth I and Spain - History Learning Site One way in which Mary was central to the Catholic threat was through her part in various plots to overthrow Elizabeth. The Duke of Medina Sidonia sailed up the Channel and anchored at Calais while waiting for reinforcements from the Duke of Parmas troops. Pick a key scene from the story and tell it from the third-person limited point of view, through Doodle's senses and feelings. The Northern Earls were unhappy and rebelled for several reasons: The Revolt of the Northern Earls was arguably the most serious rebellion during Elizabeths reign and presented a threat for a number of reasons: During the 1570s and 1580s, there were several plots by Catholics to assassinate Queen Elizabeth and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots. Elizabeth I | Biography, Facts, Mother, & Death | Britannica As the war ended, Philip II of Spain wanted to stay on good . When Mary, Queen of Scots arrived in England in 1568, replacing Elizabeth with Mary became a realistic possibility. King Phillip tried to send two further Armadas in the 1590s however, both were unsuccessful. 30 ships were destroyed, as well as lots of supplies. English ships were went on many voyages of discovery and established valuable trade routes with India and the far east. When Elizabeth I came to the throne in 1558, she inherited a difficult financial situation and a debt of 227,000. Reasons why Philip used the Spanish Armada. In 1587, Sir Francis Drake attacked the Spanish port of Cadiz in what would become known as the Singeing of the King of Spains beard. However this union was appalling because he was Catholic was married to the previous queen, and a foreigner. Queen Elizabeth I: The Controversies and the - Ancient Origins There was also a fear that France and Scotland, alongside Spain, could launch an invasion of England as part of a greater Catholic crusade against the rogue English Protestant nation. When Elizabeth came to the throne in 1558 her people were divided by religion. English canons could also be reloaded more quickly than the Spanish ones allowing them to inflict greater damage. Apply for student finance without a bank account? Many northern nobles were still committed Catholics and wanted to see the restoration of Catholicism under a Catholic monarch. An example of data being processed may be a unique identifier stored in a cookie. This meant that Elizabeth was declared illegitimate as her claim to the throne comes through the marriage of Anne to Henry. Those involved planned for an invasion of England by French troops and were financed by Phillip II of Spain and the Pope. The rebellion involved a force of approximately 5500 men and, for approximately a month, the north of England (from Alnwick to Pontefract, east of the Pennines) was in the control of the northern earls. She pledged to finance an army of 7,400 English troops and placed Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, in charge of them. The Armada set sail in May 1588, but due to bad weather and attempts by an English fleet to intercept it, was delayed for several weeks in the Bay of Biscay. The invasion would include the murder of Elizabeth and the placing of Mary, Queen of Scots on the throne. Describe two features of the threats posed to Elizabeth in 1558 3. Another being the English sympathy to the protestant rebels on the Netherlands. All Catholic priests are ordered to leave the country. Her early life was full of uncertainties, and her chances of succeeding to the throne seemed very slight once her half-brother Edward was born in 1537. Become a Member | Spain and France were also involved in these plots and so there was always the danger of a foriegn invasion. The Religious Settlement of 1559 - History Learning Site This caused panic among the Spanish sailors, who cut their anchor cables and broke their defensive formation as they headed for the open sea. The child cried when he saw the _______ of his favorite toy in the driveway. "The Scarlet Ibis" would be a different story if it were told from Doodle's point of view. This interference greatly angered the Spanish and provoked the ire of many Catholics, who now no longer saw Elizabeth as a mediator of the status quo, but as an interfering, troublesome monarch. The answer does touch upon the issue of religion but this could be extended further to acknowledge the extensive divisions within society given the preceding tumultuous changes (a brief mention of the role of the puritans for example could help). English Catholic Francis Throckmorton was the link of communication within this plan. Some of our partners may process your data as a part of their legitimate business interest without asking for consent. Mary Queen of Scots was married to . This aimed to ensure poor relief was collected. The Spanish had planned to come alongside their opponents and attempt to board their ships to try to overcome the enemy through hand-to-hand fighting. After his successful raid on Cadiz, Drake sailed along the coast of Portugal and Spain, seizing Spanish ships and destroying supplies that were being sent to Lisbon for the Armada. Edward was succeeded by Mary, who in turn ruled for five years until her death in 1558. How serious a threat was Mary Queen of Scots to Elizabeth's rule? Elizabeth and Philipthese two powerful peoplewould begin their relationship peacefully, even warmly, but they would become enemies, facing off in a battle of empires and faiths that would . By this time radical Puritan sectaries were perceived to be . Another problem Elizabeth I had when she ascended to the throne in 1558 was the problems she had with illegitimacy. 1. God blew and they were scattered - The National Archives Died: 24 March 1603. In 1580, she received treasure from Sir Francis Drake from his exploits which was worth more than all the rest of her income for that year put together. This meant her ability to govern from the outset was immediately hampered. PDF Paper 2: Early Elizabethan England 1558-88 - Oasis Academy South Bank The threat of France to Elizabeth's rule Elizabeth had two main problems concerning France: She inherited a bad relationship with France from her predecessor Queen Mary I. France were. However, the Catholic Church bans divorce which presented a problem for Henry as he could not legally get rid of Catherine. On the death of Mary and the accession of Elizabeth, many hard-line Protestants returned from mainland Europe (where they had fled for their own safety during the reign of Mary) in the full expectation that they were returning to a state where Protestantism was the one and only . Elizabeth I is by many historians considered one of England's greatest ever monarchs, which heralded the 'golden age' in English history. In the eyes of the Church of England, Henry and Catherine were divorced and then Henry could marry Anne. The lack of money was problematic because it meant England was potentially vulnerable to attack (and Elizabeth had no means by which to defend the country militarily). Elizabeth seized the gold which angered King Phillip and in response, he seized English ships that were in Antwerp. Calais was a French port which the English had occupied and was responsible for 80% of wool exports. How far do you agree with the view that Elizabeth remained single August 3rd - 4th: Spanish ships were outgunned and forced to move to Calais in France.
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